FDA warning: some patients cannot process Plavix
(AP) -- The Food and Drug Administration is adding its strongest warning to the label for Plavix, cautioning that some patients do not respond to the blockbuster blood thinner. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 23:03:46 +0100
Process could clean up water used in natural gas drilling
(PhysOrg.com) -- Texas A&M Engineering is playing a role in a technological breakthrough that could clean up the contaminated water recovered from drilling natural gas wells in shale deposits through the process of "hydraulic fracturing." Fri, 12 Mar 2010 22:40:01 +0100
Harnessing Our Sensory Superpowers
(PhysOrg.com) -- New research in perceptual psychology and brain science is revealing that our senses pick up information about the world that we thought was only available to other species, Lawrence Rosenblum, UCR professor of psychology, writes in a new book. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 22:18:49 +0100
Japan team uncovers thalidomide mystery
Japanese scientists have uncovered how thalidomide led to deformities in children born to mothers taking the drug in the 1950s and 1960s, according to a study released Friday. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 21:42:25 +0100
Apple begins taking iPad orders in US
Apple fans flocked online Friday to be among the first to order iPad tablet computers slated to begin shipping in the United States on April 3. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 21:25:21 +0100
Brightsurf Science
News and Current Science Events
Mother's flu during pregnancy may increase baby's risk of schizophrenia
Rhesus monkey babies born to mothers who had the flu while pregnant had smaller brains and showed other brain changes similar to those observed in human patients with schizophrenia, a study at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in collaboration with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has found. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:39:37 +0100
VAI researchers develop tool to help study prostate cancer
Van Andel Research Institute (VARI) researchers have developed a new method to better study the cells that line and protect the prostate in relation to the development of cancer. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:39:37 +0100
New study debunks myths about Amazon rain forests
A new NASA-funded study has concluded that Amazon rain forests were remarkably unaffected in the face of once-in-a-century drought in 2005, neither dying nor thriving, contrary to a previously published report and claims by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:39:37 +0100
Opposing functions of a key molecule in the development of organisms
Scientists headed by ICREA researcher Marco Milán, at the Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), reveal a surprising new function of Notch protein that contrasts with the one known to date. Found in the cell membrane, this protein activates a signalling pathway that regulates the expression of genes that make the cell divide, grow, migrate, specialise or die. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:39:37 +0100
Can we detect quantum behavior in viruses?
The weird world of quantum mechanics describes the strange, often contradictory, behaviour of small inanimate objects such as atoms. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:39:37 +0100
Court OKs TV rules opposed by Comcast, Cablevision
(AP) -- A federal court has upheld regulations that require cable TV companies to make channels they own available to satellite TV providers and other rivals on equal terms. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 11:13:50 EST
Securities analysts' reports new technology slow adoption, study warns
The reluctance of securities analysts to recommend investment in veteran companies using new techniques to grapple with radical technological change may be harming these companies as they struggle to compete, according to a new study in the current issue of Organization Science, a journal of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). Fri, 12 Mar 2010 10:47:53 EST
Phylogenetic analysis of Mexican cave scorpions suggests adaptation to caves is reversable
Blind scorpions that live in the stygian depths of caves are throwing light on a long-held assumption that specialized adaptations are irreversible evolutionary dead-ends. According to a new phylogenetic analysis of the family Typhlochactidae, scorpions currently living closer to the surface (under stones and in leaf litter) evolved independently on more than one occasion from ancestors adapted to life further below the surface (in caves). The research, currently available in an early online edition, will be published in the April issue of Cladistics. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 10:45:48 EST
'Microtentacles' on tumor cells appear to play role in how breast cancer spreads (w/ Video)
Researchers at the University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center have discovered that "microtentacles," or extensions of the plasma membrane of breast cancer cells, appear to play a key role in how cancers spread to distant locations in the body. Targeting these microtentacles might prove to be a new way to prevent or slow the growth of these secondary cancers, the scientists say. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 10:15:37 EST
ScienceDaily: Nature News
Fri, 12 Mar 2010 11:05:01 EST
Biologists find proof of first confirmed species of monogamous frog
Amphibians may be a love 'em and leave 'em class, but one frog species defies the norm, scientists have found. Biologists have discovered in Peru the first confirmed species of monogamous amphibian, Ranitomeya imitator, better known as the mimic poison frog -- a finding that provides groundbreaking insight into the ecological factors that influence mating behavior. Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST
Yellow fever strikes monkey populations in South America
A group of Argentine scientists have announced that yellow fever is the culprit in a 2007-2008 die-off of howler monkeys in northeastern Argentina, a finding that underscores the importance of paying attention to the health of wildlife and how the health of people and wild nature are so closely linked. Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST
Large mammals need protected areas, forest cover in India
A study of extinction patterns of 25 large mammal species in India finds that improving existing protected areas, creating new areas, and interconnecting them will be necessary for many species to survive this century. Wed, 10 Mar 2010 17:00:00 EST
Drastic musk ox population decline 12,000 years ago due to climate, not humans, study finds
Scientists have discovered that the drastic decline in Arctic musk ox populations that began roughly 12,000 years ago was due to a warming climate rather than to human hunting. The research is the first study to use ancient musk ox DNA collected from across the animal's former geographic range to test for human impacts on musk ox populations. Tue, 09 Mar 2010 02:00:00 EST
Plants discover the benefits of good neighbors in strategy against herbivores
Scandinavian scientists have discovered that a species of tree defends itself from herbivore attack by using chemicals emitted by neighboring plants. The study reveals how species of Birch tree absorb chemical compounds from neighboring Marsh tea plants, Rhondodendron tomentosum, in a unique "defense by neighbor strategy." Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST
American Council on
Science and Health NASA Breaking News
NASA Announces Systems Engineering Student Competition
NASA's Exploration Systems Mission Directorate is inviting teams of undergraduate and graduate students throughout the country to participate in the fourth annual Systems Engineering Paper Competition. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST
Heads of Agency International Space Station Joint Statement
The heads of the International Space Station (ISS) agencies from Canada, Europe, Japan, Russia, and the United States met in Tokyo, Japan, on March 11, 2010, to review ISS cooperation. Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST
NASA Extends Johnson Safety and Mission Assurance Contract
NASA has exercised a $60 million, one-year extension option for a contract with Science Applications International Corporation of Houston to provide support to safety and mission assurance activities at the agency's Johnson Space Center. Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST
NASA Launches Interactive Simulation of Satellite Communications
NASA today unveiled an interactive computer simulation that allows virtual explorers of all ages to dock the space shuttle at the International Space Station, experience a virtual trip to Mars or a lunar impact, and explore images of star formations taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST
NASA Hosts First-Ever Water Sustainability Forum March 16 -18
NASA today announced its founding partnership of Launch, an initiative to identify, showcase and support innovative approaches to sustainability challenges through a series of forums. Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST
NASA and NOAA's GOES-P Satellite Successfully Launched
The latest Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, or GOES-P, lifted off Thursday aboard a Delta IV rocket at 6:17 p.m. EST from Space Launch Complex 37 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla. Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST
Brightsurf Science
News : Top Science News Articles
30 years later, what killed the dinosaurs is revisited
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, paleoceanographer Richard Norris is one of 41 scientists presenting evidence that an asteroid impact really did kill off dinosaurs and myriad other organisms 30 years after the theory was first proposed. (2010-03-05) Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:39:45 +0100
Sources of Pollution in Waterways
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are components of petroleum products such as gasoline, coal, and oil. They are also produced as by-products of the combustion of fuels including petroleum and fire wood. (2010-03-10) Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:39:45 +0100
Designer nano luggage to carry drugs to diseased cells
For the first time, scientists have succeeded in growing empty particles derived from a plant virus and have made them carry useful chemicals. (2010-03-10) Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:39:45 +0100
Laptop Revolution: New Class Design Saves Schools Money, Space
Universities around the country are struggling with shrinking budgets, even as they need to cater to the needs of an increasing number of students. (2010-03-10) Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:39:45 +0100
Genetic cause discovered for rare bleeding disorder
For some Canadians, any cut such as from dental work or surgery can cause days or more of bleeding. Although they are not hemophiliacs, for some an ordinary bruise can balloon into the size of an orange. (2010-03-04) Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:39:45 +0100
Half a century ago, thousands of pregnant women in 46 countries took a drug for morning sickness that would later be discovered to cause severe malformations in developing fetuses. Worldwide, roughly 10,000 affected children nicknamed "thalidomide babies" were born with multiple defects, including the characteristic shortened upper limbs (a condition known as phocomelia, Greek for "seal limbs"), before the drug was discontinued in 1961 after four years on the market.
An electric insulator, in the simplest terms, blocks the flow of electric current. So it would be a bit counterintuitive, to say the least, if a current on one side of an insulator could produce voltage on the other. [More]
African crop yields wither, along with the Amazon rainforest; Himalayan glaciers disappear by 2035. These are the erroneous predictions ascribed to the most recent report from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)--a document reviewed by some 2,500 scientists and other experts as well as vetted by more than 190 countries. So does the fact that a few errors crept into a more than 3,000 page report merit a revision of IPCC processes? [More]
The forward momentum of medical progress is manifest, it could be argued, in the $50 billion spent in 2008 on pharmaceutical research and development in the quest to bring new drugs to market. But little scientific or governmental infrastructure exists to ensure that each new treatment is actually an improvement over existing therapies--and to tease out what therapies are best for which patients. [More]
Every 30 minutes, all of the blood in our bodies is filtered through two fist-size kidneys. But diseases such as diabetes can cause them to fail, leading to a build-up of chemicals in the blood that without dialysis (mechanical blood filtration) or a kidney transplant would be fatal. And the wait for a new kidney can be long, unless someone you know is willing to give one of theirs to you. [More]
New charging method could greatly reduce battery recharge time
(PhysOrg.com) -- Part of the headache of having to constantly recharge batteries is not just how often they need to be charged, but also the time it takes to charge them. In a new study, researchers have proposed a charging method that could greatly reduce the charging time of lithium-ion batteries, which are used in everything from electronic devices to electric vehicles. The new method uses an additional oscillating electric field (besides the charging field) that should be capable of charging a lithium-ion battery in a fraction of the time compared with traditional methods. Thu, 11 Mar 2010 18:22:58 EST
Can we detect quantum behaviour in viruses?
(PhysOrg.com) -- The weird world of quantum mechanics describes the strange, often contradictory, behaviour of small inanimate objects such as atoms. Researchers have now started looking for ways to detect quantum properties in more complex and larger entities, possibly even living organisms. Thu, 11 Mar 2010 12:00:21 EST
Using quantum smoothing for optical phase estimation
(PhysOrg.com) -- "There are many situations where we need to measure the classical properties of a quantum system," Elanor Huntington tells PhysOrg.com. "Optical phase estimation is one of these techniques, and it is central to applications where quantum beams of light are used, such as for gravitational wave detectors, quantum computing and quantum key distribution. Greater precision in measurements is important in this area, and that is what we have been working on." Thu, 11 Mar 2010 09:02:45 EST
Study validates general relativity on cosmic scale, existence of dark matter
(PhysOrg.com) -- An analysis of more than 70,000 galaxies by University of California, Berkeley, University of Zurich and Princeton University physicists demonstrates that the universe - at least up to a distance of 3.5 billion light years from Earth - plays by the rules set out 95 years ago by Albert Einstein in his General Theory of Relativity. Wed, 10 Mar 2010 13:00:05 EST
Climate linked to smaller birds
Songbirds on the US east coast are becoming smaller, a trend thought to be driven by climate changes. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 10:05:45 GMT
Thalidomide effect mystery solved
The mechanism by which thalidomide causes birth defects including malformed limbs is revealed by scientists. Thu, 11 Mar 2010 19:45:27 GMT
Decapitated group 'were Vikings'
Fifty-one decapitated skeletons found in a burial pit in Dorset were those of Scandinavian Vikings, scientists say. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:57 GMT
Siberian tigers die at China zoo
Eleven rare Siberian tigers die at a zoo in north-eastern China, raising fears over treatment of captive animals in the country. Fri, 12 Mar 2010 08:03:37 GMT
Huge meat-eater plant prefers poo
The largest meat-eating plant in the world is designed not to eat small animals, but small animal poo, scientists discover. Wed, 10 Mar 2010 09:29:27 GMT
This 7th Edition helps students unravel the mysteries of human behavior through its highly readable introduction to the ideas of the most significant personality theorists. Engaging biographical sketches begin each chapter, and unique capsule summaries help students review key concepts. Theories come alive through the inclusion of quotations from the theorists writings and numerous applications such as dream interpretation, psychopathology, and psychotherapy.
Significant changes in the 7th edition include an extended discussion of the practical applications of personality theory, with an emphasis on guidelines that can help people increase their self-knowledge, make better decisions, and live more fulfilling lives. Fictionalized but true-to-life examples illustrating the perils of inadequate self-knowledge include college students, parents, terrorists, business executives, and politicians, while other examples show the positive outcomes that can result from a better understanding of ones unconscious. This 7th edition also includes a more extensive discussion of how a lack of self-understanding caused difficulties for such noted theorists as Freud and Erikson, and a new section that explains how behavior can be strongly influenced by the situation as well as by ones personality. Finally, a new interactive web site (www.psypress.com/ewen) provides practice test questions and other topics of interest.
This textbook describes the approaches to phonology that are most relevant to communication disorders. It examines schools of thought in theoretical phonology, and their relevance to description, explanation and remediation in the clinical context.
A recurring theme throughout the book is the distinction between phonological theories that attempt elegant, parsimonious descriptions of phonological data, and those that attempt to provide a psycholinguistic model of speech production and perception.
This book introduces all the relevant areas of phonology to the students and practitioners of speech-language pathology and is a companion volume to the authors Phonetics for Communication Disorders.
Published November 11 2009 by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Individual Differences in Emotion Components and Dynamics
A Special Issue of Cognition & Emotion
Edited by Peter Kuppens, Jeroen Stouten, Batja Mesquita
Our emotions define us as individuals: Each of us has unique ways of feeling and emotionally responding. In this Special Issue several contemporary approaches to emotion are used to gain insight in the ways people differ with regard to two of the most central features of emotions, their multicomponential and dynamical nature.
Different theoretical perspectives on how individual differences in emotion should be considered and studied are offered by Russell, Feldman Barrett, Scherer, and Larsen. Innovative empirical studies on individual differences in emotional experience are discussed by another set of articles by Smith, Van Mechelen, Silvia, and Verduyn and their respective colleagues. Finally, Frijda reflects on the challenges and controversies that emerge from the Special Issue. Together, the contributions of this Special Issue offer a cutting-edge view of current thinking and research, in which individual differences in the componential architecture of emotions as well as the unfolding of emotions over time are used as a stepping stone, not only to the understanding of how and why people differ emotionally, but also to the understanding of the nature of emotion itself.
Edited by D. Ramona Bobocel, Aaron C. Kay, Mark P. Zanna, James M. Olson
In response to the international turmoil, violence, and increasing ideological polarization, social psychological interest in the topics of legitimacy and social justice has blossomed considerably. Social psychologists have explored the psychological underpinnings of peoples reactions to injustice and illegitimacy, including the behavioral and psychological consequences of the motivation to view individual outcomes and governmental systems as just and legitimate.
Although injustice and illegitimacy are clearly related at conceptual and theoretical levels, these two rich literatures are rarely integrated. Social justice researchers have focused on how people make sense of particular instances of injustice, whereas legitimacy researchers have tended to focus primarily on peoples reactions to unfair systems of intergroup relations.
This 11th volume of the Ontario Symposium series brings together the work of leading researchers in fields of social justice and legitimacy to facilitate the cross-pollination and integration of these fields. The contributions address broad theoretical issues and cutting-edge empirical advances, while illustrating the diversity and richness of research in the two fields. By uniting these two domains, this volume will stimulate new directions in theory and research that seek to explain how and why people make sense of injustice at all levels of analysis.
Autobiographical memory constitutes an essential part of our personality, giving us the ability to distinguish ourselves as an individual with a past, present and future. This book reveals how the development of a conscious self, an integrated personality and an autobiographical memory are all intertwined, highlighting the parallel development of the brain, memory and personality.
Focusing strongly on developmental aspects of memory and integrating evolutionary and anthropological perspectives, areas of discussion include:
This book offers a unique approach through combining both neuroscientfic and social scientific viewpoints, and as such will be of great interest to all those wanting to broaden their knowledge of the development and acquisition of memory and the conscious self.
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